TITLE: GCN CIRCULAR NUMBER: 33896 SUBJECT: LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA S230529ay: AstroSat CZTI non-detection and upper limits DATE: 23/05/30 11:47:31 GMT FROM: Gaurav Waratkar at IIT Bombay gauravwaratkar@iitb.ac.in

G. Waratkar (IITB), V. Bhalerao (IITB), D. Bhattacharya (Ashoka University/IUCAA), A. R. Rao (TIFR), S. Vadawale (PRL) report on behalf of the AstroSat CZTI collaboration:

We have carried out a search for X-ray candidates in AstroSat CZTI data in a 100-sec window around the trigger time of the event S230529ay (UTC 2023-05-29 18:15:00, GraceDB event). We use the Bilby.multiorder.fits,0 map (https://gracedb.ligo.org/api/superevents/S230529ay/files/Bilby.multiorder.fi...) for our analysis. CZTI is a coded aperture mask instrument that has a considerable effective area for about 29% of the entire sky but is also sensitive to brighter transients from the entire sky. At the time of the merger, AstroSat's nominal pointing is RA, DEC = 12:26:03.3, 33:32:18.1 (186.5138,33.5384), which is ~103 deg away from the maximum probability location, which severely reduces the effective area of CZTI. At the time of the merger event, the Earth-satellite-transient angle corresponding to the maximum probability location is ~81 deg and hence is not occulted by Earth in the satellite's frame. In a time interval of 100 sec around the event, the region of the localization map which Earth does not occult in the satellite's frame has a total probability of 0.76 (76%).

CZTI data were de-trended to remove orbit-wise background variation. We then searched data from the four independent, identical quadrants for coincident spikes in the count rates. Searches were undertaken by binning the data in 0.1s, 1s, and 10s respectively. Statistical background count rate fluctuations were estimated using data from 5 preceding orbits. We selected confidence levels such that the probability of a false trigger in a 100-sec window is 10^-4. We do not find any evidence for any hard X-ray transient in this window, in the CZTI energy range of 20-200 keV.

We use a detailed mass model of the satellite to calculate the direction-dependent instrument response for points in the visible sky. We then assume the source is modeled as a power law with photon index alpha = -1, and convert our count rate upper limits to direction-dependent flux limits. We obtain the following upper limits for source flux in the 20-200 keV band by taking a probability-weighted mean over the visible sky:

0.1 s: flux limit= 1.31e-05 ergs/cm^2/s; fluence limit = 1.31e-06 ergs/cm^2 1.0 s: flux limit= 2.42e-06 ergs/cm^2/s; fluence limit = 2.42e-06 ergs/cm^2 10.0 s: flux limit= 3.22e-07 ergs/cm^2/s; fluence limit = 3.22e-06 ergs/cm^2

CZTI is built by a TIFR-led consortium of institutes across India, including VSSC, URSC, IUCAA, SAC, and PRL. The Indian Space Research Organisation funded, managed, and facilitated the project.

CZTI EMGW detections are reported regularly on the payload site at: http://astrosat.iucaa.in/czti/?q=emgw