TITLE: GCN CIRCULAR
NUMBER: 40605
SUBJECT: GRB 250521C / AT2025mgj: Pan-STARRS multi-band and multi-epoch imaging and photometry
DATE: 25/06/02 15:01:40 GMT
FROM: James Gillanders at University of Oxford <jhgillanders.astro(a)gmail.com>
J. H. Gillanders (Oxford), M. Huber, K. C. Chambers (IfA, Univ. Hawaii), S. J. Smartt, K. W. Smith, (Oxford/QUB), S. Srivastav (Oxford), M. Nicholl, D. Young, M. Fulton (QUB), T.-W. Chen (NCU, Taiwan) A. S. B. Schultz, T. de Boer, J. Fairlamb, G. Paek, C. C. Lin, T. Lowe, E. Magnier, P. Minguez, I. A. Smith, R. J. Wainscoat (IfA, Univ. Hawaii).
We observed the fast-fading transient AT2025mgj (Andreoni et al., GCN 40566), tentatively associated with the short-GRB 250521C (Fermi GBM Team, GCN 40515) using the Pan-STARRS telescope system (Chambers et al., 2016, arXiv e-prints, 1612.05560) on MJDs 60825.26 and 60827.26 (approximately 8.7 and 10.7 days post-GRB, respectively). The Pan-STARRS system consists of two 1.8m telescope units located at the summit of Haleakala on the Hawaiian island of Maui, employing an SDSS-like filter system denoted as grizy, and a broad w-filter, which is a composite of the gri-filters.
Our observations consisted of 120s (MJD 60825.26) and 200s exposures (MJD 60827.26) in grizy-bands. All images were processed with the Pan-STARRS pipeline. After astrometric and photometric calibration, reference images were subtracted from the target images (Magnier et al., 2020a, ApJS, 251, 3; Magnier et al., 2020b, ApJS, 251, 6; Waters et al., 2020, ApJS, 251, 4).
From these difference images, we recover the following photometry measurements:
MJD Filter AB mag
60825.26 g 18.97 +/- 0.06
60825.26 r 19.18 +/- 0.08
60825.26 i 19.29 +/- 0.08
60825.26 z 19.5 +/- 0.2
60827.26 g 19.29 +/- 0.05
60827.26 r 19.39 +/- 0.06
60827.26 i 19.62 +/- 0.06
60827.26 z 19.57 +/- 0.08
From our multi-band Pan-STARRS photometry, we estimate a fade rate of ~0.1 mag/day in r-band. Our rate of fading across our photometric bands match those reported previously by Martin-Carrillo et al. (GCN 40584), Becerra et al. (GCN 40590), and Busmann et al. (GCN 40597).
The rate of fading and persistent blue colour, with some indication of cooling, are all reminiscent of typical CV behaviour. While the connection to GRB 250521C cannot be definitively ruled out, the data match the lightcurve behaviour of CVs. Late-time, deep imaging is required to unambiguously uncover the nature of AT2025mgj. A point source would confirm AT2025mgj is indeed a CV, whereas an extended source in its vicinity would indicate that it was the afterglow of GRB 250521C.
View this GCN Circular online at https://gcn.nasa.gov/circulars/40605.
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TITLE: GCN CIRCULAR
NUMBER: 40604
SUBJECT: GRB 250601A: Swift-XRT observations
DATE: 25/06/02 08:18:00 GMT
FROM: Phil Evans at U of Leicester <pae9(a)star.le.ac.uk>
K.L. Page (U. Leicester), A.P. Beardmore (U. Leicester), R. Brivio
(INAF-OAB), A. D'Ai (INAF-IASFPA), S. Campana (INAF-OAB), S. Dichiara
(PSU), J.A. Kennea (PSU), D.N. Burrows (PSU) and P.A. Evans (U.
Leicester) reports on behalf of the Swift-XRT team:
Swift-XRT has performed follow-up observations of the
Swift/BAT-detected burst GRB 250601A, collecting 4.6 ks of Photon
Counting (PC) mode data between T0+17.2 ks and T0+35.3 ks.
Two uncatalogued X-ray sources have been detected within the estimated
3-sigma Swift/BAT error region (493 arcsec), however none of them is
above the RASS limit or shows definitive signs of fading. Therefore, at
the present time we cannot identify which, if any, is the afterglow.
Details of these sources are given below:
Source 2:
RA (J2000.0): 90.2023 = 06:00:48.56
Dec (J2000.0): -57.2379 = -57:14:16.6
Error: 7.3 arcsec (radius, 90% conf. [Enhanced position])
Count-rate: (7.8 +/- 1.9)e-3 ct s^-1
Distance: 315 arcsec from Swift/BAT position.
Flux: (4.2 +/- 1.0)e-13 erg cm^-2 s^-1 (observed, 0.3-10 keV)
Source 3:
RA (J2000.0): 90.0936 = 06:00:22.47
Dec (J2000.0): -57.2778 = -57:16:40.0
Error: 5.7 arcsec (radius, 90% conf.)
Count-rate: (3.6 [+1.6, -1.3])e-3 ct s^-1
Distance: 60 arcsec from Swift/BAT position.
Flux: (1.00 [+0.45, -0.35])e-13 erg cm^-2 s^-1 (observed, 0.3-10 keV)
Another uncatalogued source was also detected, however this was too far
from the GRB position to be the afterglow.
The results of the XRT-team automatic analysis of the XRT observations,
including a position-specific upper limit calculator, are available at
https://www.swift.ac.uk/ToO_GRBs/00021844.
This circular is an official product of the Swift-XRT team.
View this GCN Circular online at https://gcn.nasa.gov/circulars/40604.
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TITLE: GCN CIRCULAR
NUMBER: 40601
SUBJECT: Fermi trigger No 770470765: Global MASTER-Net observations report
DATE: 25/06/02 00:48:11 GMT
FROM: Vladimir Lipunov at Moscow State U/Krylov Obs <lipunov(a)xray.sai.msu.ru>
V.Lipunov, E.Gorbovskoy, A.Kuznetsov, K.Zhirkov, I.Panchenko, N.Tiurina, P.Balanutsa, V.Topolev, D.Vlasenko,
G.Antipov, A.Sankovich, Yu.Tselik, Ya.Kechin, V.Senik, A.Chasovnikov, K.Labsina, I. Gorbunov (Lomonosov MSU),
O.Gress, N.Budnev (ISU),
C.Francile, F. Podesta, R.Podesta, E. Gonzalez (Observatorio Astronomico Felix Aguilar (OAFA),
A. Tlatov, D. Dormidontov (Kislovodsk Solar Station of the Pulkovo Observatory),
A.Sosnovskij (CrAO),
A. Gabovich, V.Yurkov (Blagoveschensk Educational StateUniversity),
D.Buckley (SAAO),
R.Rebolo (The Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias),
L.Carrasco, J.R.Valdes, V.Chavushyan, V.M.Patino Alvarez, J.Martinez,
A.R.Corella, L.H.Rodriguez (INAOE, Guillermo Haro Astrophysics Observatory)
MASTER-SAAO robotic telescope (Global MASTER-Net: http://observ.pereplet.ru, Lipunov et al., 2010, Advances in Astronomy, vol. 2010, 30L) located in South Africa (South African Astronomical Observatory) started inspect of the Fermi GRB250601.49 (trigger No 770470765,03h 02m 00.00s , -51d 57m 00.0s, R=11.63) errorbox 43681 sec after notice time and 43715 sec after trigger time at 2025-06-01 23:47:55 UT, with upper limit up to 19.0 mag. The observations began at zenith distance = 80 deg. The sun altitude is -71.3 deg.
The galactic latitude b = -55 deg., longitude l = 267 deg.
Real time updated cover map and OT discovered available here:
https://master.sai.msu.ru/site/master2/observ.php?id=2888592
We obtain a following upper limits.
Tmid-T0 | Date Time | Site | Coord (J2000) |Filt.| Expt. | Limit| Comment
_________|_____________________|_____________________|____________________________________|_____|_______|_______|________
43745 | 2025-06-01 23:47:55 | MASTER-SAAO | (01h 44m 18.74s , -52d 18m 33.7s) | C | 60 | 16.4 |
43745 | 2025-06-01 23:47:55 | MASTER-SAAO | (01h 41m 30.62s , -52d 03m 14.0s) | C | 60 | 18.7 |
44762 | 2025-06-02 00:04:51 | MASTER-SAAO | (01h 44m 12.09s , -52d 18m 24.7s) | C | 60 | 16.8 |
44762 | 2025-06-02 00:04:51 | MASTER-SAAO | (01h 41m 22.46s , -52d 02m 58.5s) | C | 60 | 18.8 |
45994 | 2025-06-02 00:25:24 | MASTER-SAAO | (01h 44m 18.84s , -52d 18m 56.3s) | C | 60 | 17.2 |
45994 | 2025-06-02 00:25:24 | MASTER-SAAO | (01h 41m 28.06s , -52d 03m 32.4s) | C | 60 | 19.0 |
Filter C is a clear (unfiltred) band.
The observation and reduction will continue.
The message may be cited.
View this GCN Circular online at https://gcn.nasa.gov/circulars/40601.
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TITLE: GCN CIRCULAR
NUMBER: 40600
SUBJECT: GRB 250601A: Swift/BAT-GUANO arcminute localization of a likely short burst
DATE: 25/06/01 22:21:42 GMT
FROM: Samuele Ronchini at PSU <sjs8171(a)psu.edu>
James DeLaunay (PSU), Samuele Ronchini (PSU), Aaron Tohuvavohu (Caltech), Gayathri Raman (PSU), Jamie A. Kennea (PSU), Tyler Parsotan (NASA GSFC) report:
Swift/BAT did not localize GRB 250601A onboard (T0: 2025-06-01T17:29:35.54 UTC, Fermi GCN 40596).
The Fermi notice, distributed in near real-time, triggered the Swift Mission Operations Center operated Gamma-ray Urgent Archiver for Novel Opportunities (GUANO; Tohuvavohu et al. 2020, ApJ, 900, 1).
Upon trigger by this notice, GUANO sent a command to the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) to save 200 seconds of BAT event-mode data from [-50,+150] seconds around the time of the burst. All the requested event mode data was delivered to the ground.
The position is found with standard imaging, with an SNR = 8.7. The duration of the burst is ~1 sec.
The BAT position is
RA, Dec = 90.0709, -57.2892 deg which is
RA(J2000) = 06h 00m 17.02s
Dec(J2000) = -57d 17’ 21.1″
with an estimated uncertainty of 3 arcmin radius.
More details about this burst can be found on the trigger report page here:
https://guano.swift.psu.edu/trigger_report?id=770491811
XRT and UVOT follow-up has been requested.
Results of follow-up observations will be reported in future circulars.
GUANO is a fully autonomous, extremely low latency, spacecraft
commanding pipeline designed for targeted recovery of BAT event mode
data around the times of compelling astrophysical events to enable
more sensitive GRB searches.
A live reporting of Swift/BAT event data recovered by GUANO can be
found at: https://www.swift.psu.edu/guano/
View this GCN Circular online at https://gcn.nasa.gov/circulars/40600.
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TITLE: GCN CIRCULAR
NUMBER: 40599
SUBJECT: GRB 250601A: Swift ToO observations
DATE: 25/06/01 22:17:16 GMT
FROM: Phil Evans at U of Leicester <pae9(a)star.le.ac.uk>
P. A. Evans (U. Leicester) reports on behalf of the Swift team:
Swift has initiated a ToO observation of the Swift/BAT-detected event
GRB 250601A. Automated analysis of the XRT data will be presented online at
https://www.swift.ac.uk/ToO_GRBs/00021844
Any uncatalogued X-ray sources detected in this analysis will be
reported on this website and via GCN COUNTERPART notices. These are
not necessarily related to the Swift/BAT event. Any X-ray source
considered to be a probable afterglow candidate will be reported via a
GCN Circular after manual consideration.
Details of the XRT automated analysis methods are detailed in Evans et
al. (2007, A&A, 469, 379; 2009, MNRAS, 397, 1177 and 2014, ApJS, 210, 8).
This circular is an official product of the Swift-XRT team.
View this GCN Circular online at https://gcn.nasa.gov/circulars/40599.
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TITLE: GCN CIRCULAR
NUMBER: 40598
SUBJECT: GRB 250530A: VLT/HAWK-I NIR counterpart fading
DATE: 25/06/01 19:26:39 GMT
FROM: Ben Rayson at University of Leicester <br155(a)leicester.ac.uk>
B. C. Rayson (Leicester), B. Schneider (LAM), P. D'Avanzo (INAF-OAB), A. Saccardi (CEA/Irfu), G. Corcoran (UCD), B. P. Gompertz (U. Birmingham), N. Habeeb (Leicester), D. B. Malesani (DAWN/NBI and Radboud), A. Martin-Carrillo (UCD), G. Pugliese (API), N. R. Tanvir (Leicester) report on behalf of the Stargate collaboration:
We observed the near-infrared source reported by D'Avanzo et al. (GCN 40588), a candidate afterglow of GRB 250530A detected by SVOM/ECLAIRs (Wang et al., GCN 40576). We used the ESO VLT UT4 (Yepun) equipped with the HAWK-I near-infrared camera. We obtained a 20 min exposure in the J band, starting at 23:17:32 UT on 2025-05-31, i.e. 1.7 days after the SVOM trigger.
The near-infrared source is well detected in our image and we measured J = 21.65 +/- 0.10 mag (Vega), calibrated against the 2MASS catalogue. Compared with the value reported by D'Avanzo et al. (GCN 40588), our measurement indicates fading of the counterpart with a power-law decay index of ~0.6. This confirms the source as the NIR afterglow of GRB 250530A.
As noted by D'Avanzo et al. (GCN 40588), this source is consistent with a catalogued source reported in the Legacy Survey. This is the likely GRB host, therefore, the red colors and the optical faintness (Li et al., GCN 40582) are likely due to dust extinction rather than high redshift - as also confirmed by the large column density measured in the X-ray spectrum (Evans et al., GCN 40579; see also: https://www.swift.ac.uk/SVOM/SVOM_FIELD00017/Source1.php).
We acknowledge excellent support from the ESO observing staff in Paranal, in particular Thallis Pessi, Israel Blanchard, Miguel Lopez & Aaron Labdon
View this GCN Circular online at https://gcn.nasa.gov/circulars/40598.
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TITLE: GCN CIRCULAR
NUMBER: 40597
SUBJECT: GRB 250521C/AT2025mgj: FTW optical and NIR observations
DATE: 25/06/01 18:58:47 GMT
FROM: Malte Busmann at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München <m.busmann(a)physik.lmu.de>
Malte Busmann (LMU), Brendan O’Connor (Carnegie Mellon U.), Daniel Gruen (LMU), and Antonella Palmese (Carnegie Mellon U.) report:
We observed the candidate counterpart AT2025mgj (Andreoni et al., GCN 40566; Martin-Carrillo et al., GCN 40584; Becerra et al., GCN 40590) of GRB 250521C (Fermi GBM team, GCN 40515) with the Three Channel Imager (3KK) at the Fraunhofer Telescope at Wendelstein Observatory (FTW) in the r, i and J band simultaneously for 10 x 180 s starting at 2025-05-30T20:31:19 UT (9.3 days after the GRB trigger). We detect the source at
r = (19.28 +/- 0.01) mag
i = (19.45 +/- 0.02) mag
J = (20.03 +/- 0.07) mag.
We note that the blue color is inconsistent with an afterglow origin, despite the similar power law temporal decay (Martin-Carrillo et al., GCN 40584; Becerra et al., GCN 40590). The source is therefore unlikely to be associated to GRB 250521C. The most likely origin in a Cataclysmic Variable (CV) as noted by Andreoni et al. (GCN 40566). However, given the coincidence with GRB 250521C, we encourage additional observations to conclusively determine the nature of this transient.
The r and i band magnitudes are calibrated against the PS1 catalog and the J band is calibrated with the 2MASS Catalog. All magnitudes are provided in the AB system and are not corrected for Galactic extinction.
We thank Michael Schmidt from the Wendelstein Observatory staff for obtaining these observations.
View this GCN Circular online at https://gcn.nasa.gov/circulars/40597.
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